Orbits are conic sections so the formula for the distance of a body for a given angle is given as,

r = ƿ / (1 + ecosƟ)

where,

ƿ = h² / µ

µ= called the gravitational parameter

h = the specific angular momentum of object 2 with respect to object 1

Ɵ = known as the true anomaly

ƿ = the semi-latus rectum

e = the orbital eccentricity

The specific energy (energy per unit mass) of a space vehicle is composed of two components, the specific potential energy and the specific kinetic energy.

The specific orbital energy of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their mutual potential energy and their total kinetic energy, divided by the reduced mass.

The formula for specific orbital energy is given as,

specific orbital energy = specific kinetic energy + specific potential energy

ϵ=ϵ_{k +} ϵ_p

We know value of

ϵ_k= v² / 2 ——  where ϵ_k = specific kinetic energy  and v = velocity .

and
ϵ_p = − GM / r  ——  where   ϵ_p = specific potential energy , G = the universal gravitational constant   ,  M = the mass of the body to be escaped and r = distance from the centre of mass of the body to the object.

Therefore,

ϵ= (V² / 2)–(GM / r)

ϵ = specific orbital energy.

v = velocity

G = the universal gravitational constant (G = 6.67×10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2)

M = the mass of the body to be escaped

r = distance from the centre of mass of the body to the object.

The specific energy (energy per unit mass) of a space vehicle is composed of two components, the specific potential energy and the specific kinetic energy.

The formula for specific kinetic energyis given as,

ϵ_k = ½ ×velocity

ϵ_k = v² / 2

ϵ_k = specific kinetic energy

v = velocity

The specific energy (energy per unit mass) of a space vehicle is composed of two components, the specific potential energy and the specific kinetic energy.

The formula for specific potential energy associated with a planet of mass M is given by

ϵ_p = − universal gravitational constant ×Mass / distance

ϵ_p = − GM / r

 ϵ_p = specific potential energy

G = the universal gravitational constant (G = 6.67×10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2),

M = the mass of the body to be escaped

r = distance from the centre of mass of the body to the object.