Force (F)

It is agency which changes or tends to change an objects state of rest or state of uniform motion along a straight line. A force is a push or pull upon an object which is because of object’s interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. For example, a golf ball moves when it is pushed.

Formula for Force = mass × acceleration;

F = m × a

Unit for Force is Newton

Symbol for Force is N

Momentum (p) –
The product of an object’s mass and velocity is momentum. It is vector, meaning that it has both magnitude and direction.It refers to the quantity of motion that an object has. A train that is on the move has the momentum. Simply it can be described as “mass in motion”.

Formula for Momentum = mass × velocity;

p = m × v

Unit for Momentum is metre second^-1

Symbol for Momentum is ms^-1

Acceleration (a) –

The rate of change of velocity as a function of time is Acceleration. It has both magnitude and direction, hence a vector quantity. Simply, Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object. Therefore, as described by Newton’s Second Law, an object’s acceleration is the net result of any and all forces acting on it.

Formula for Acceleration = velocity / time;

a = v/t

Unit for Acceleration is metre second^-2

Symbol for Acceleration is ms^-2

Velocity (r or v) –

Velocity is defined as a vector measurement of the rate and direction of motion or, in other terms, the rate and direction of the change in the position of an object.Velocity is the speed of an object plus its direction. Speed is called a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity. Vector quantities mean that it can be described by both magnitude and direction.

Formula for Velocity = Displacement / Time;

v = d/t

Unit for Velocity is metre second^-1

Symbol for Velocity is ms^-1

Density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume.The density of any solid, liquid or gas can be found by dividing its mass in kilograms by its volume in cubic metres. It is denoted as “ƿ” the lower case Greek letter rho). The Latin letter D can also be used to denote Density.

Formula for Density = mass/volume;

ƿ = M / V.

Unit for Density is kilogram metre^-3

Symbol for Density is kg m^-3